alternatives éducatives : des écoles différentes
| LE GUIDE-ANNUAIRE | Présentation | SOMMAIRE |
| Une école différente ? Pour une société différente ? Qui n'en veut ?! I Des écoles différentes ? Oui, mais ... pas trop | L'heure de la... It's time for ... Re-creation |
| Appel pour des éts innovants et coopératifs |
 

UNICEF : Une évaluation, la plus complète à ce jour,
de la vie et du bien-être des enfants et des adolescents dans les pays économiquement avancés.

Selon l'UNICEF les  élèves britanniques seraient les plus malheureux du monde occidental
en raison du nombre important de tests auxquels ils sont soumis.
"L’obsession des trois T"
(Testing, Targets et league Tables, soit "les contrôles, les objectifs et les classements").

Les enfants français loin d'être les plus heureux
 
 

An index of pacifism
Give peace a rating

May 31st 2007
You can measure it, but can you understand it?

WHETHER as an entrepreneur or as a philanthropist, Steve Killelea thinks the simplest maxims work best. And in business, a few basic ideas have served him well: from a headquarters in Sydney he has created a firm, Integrated Research, that supplies systems management for credit cards, stock exchanges and cash dispensers across the world. And as one of Australia's biggest (and most discreet) donors of aid to poor countries, he also likes to keep things simple: his mission is to help the “poorest of the poor” in practical ways.

But uncomplicated maxims are not necessarily uncontroversial. Having overlaid the Irish Catholicism of his childhood with a dose of Tibetan Buddhism, he warms to the pacifist strain in the Asian creed. One of his favourite Buddhist sayings is that “your enemy is your best teacher”. More contentiously, the bottom-line-minded businessman and the pacifist in Mr Killelea come together in a conviction that peacefulness, like anything important, can and must be calibrated. “What you can't measure, you can't understand,” he says.

That, roughly, is the chain of thought which prompted him to order up a new way of assessing countries' general condition: along with GDP, trade balance and so on, it will now be possible to check out a country's ranking by “peacefulness”. The methodology for the “global peace index” was devised by the Economist Intelligence Unit, our sister company.

The index takes note of internal factors—crime rates, prison population, trust between citizens—and external ones, like relations with neighbours, arms sales, foreign troop deployments. Norway's top place reflects its calm domestic atmosphere and good relations with nearby states. In the case of Israel (119th), high military spending, a huge army and unresolved local conflicts are deemed to outweigh its low level of ordinary crime. Canada comes eighth; its American neighbour a dismal 96th, strangely just above Iran.

The index will run into some flak. A country that applied the simple Roman maxim—“if you want peace, prepare for war”—would score badly. By unconditionally endorsing low military budgets and marking down high ones, the index may seem to give heart to freeloaders: countries that enjoy peace precisely because others (often America) care for their defence. Indeed, one of the ideas behind NATO and several other security pacts is that America's protection limits the need for medium-sized powers to be big military players in their own right.

Still, perhaps the main thing about the index is not where countries are now, but how they change over time: if a country is getting more peaceful, presumably that is good—and if it is becoming less so, that could be a warning. Which way a nation is going may matter more than its ranking. But remember, some Buddhists say change is an illusion, no less than fixity: “By stating that there is neither motion nor rest, we follow the path of the middle.”

La Norvège, 
nation la plus pacifique selon un classement de "The Economist"
Le Monde - 31 05 07 
Le magazine The Economist a publié, mercredi 30 mai, le premier classement des pays selon leur degré de pacifisme. Sur 121 pays pris en compte par le "Global Peace Index", indice mondial de la paix, la Norvège se classe première. Sans surprise, l'Irak est bon dernier.

Pour réaliser ce classement, l'hebdomadaire britannique a consulté 650 experts, qui ont analysé ces 121 pays sur la base d'une vingtaine de critères, comme le fait d'avoir été, ou non, en guerre ces cinq dernières années, la politique du pays en matière de vente d'armes, ses dépenses militaires, son taux de criminalité, le niveau d'instruction de sa population ou la transparence de son gouvernement. 
Ils ont appuyé leurs analyses sur les bases de données des Nations unies, de la Banque mondiale et d'associations pacifistes.

L'EUROPE DE L'OUEST EST LA RÉGION LA PLUS PACIFIQUE

Derrière la Norvège, la Nouvelle-Zélande, le Danemark, l'Irlande et le Japon occupent la tête du classement. L'Europe de l'Ouest apparaît comme la région du monde la plus pacifique malgré les places médiocres occupées par la France (34e) et la Grande-Bretagne (49e), en raison notamment de l'importance de leur industrie d'armement et du nombre d'armes qu'elles vendent à l'étranger.

Les Etats-Unis sont 96e, juste devant l'Iran. Le Nigeria, la Russie, Israël et le Soudan ferment le classement avec l'Irak.

Faute de données disponibles, l'Afghanistan et la Corée du Nord n'ont pas été évalués.



First Global Peace Index Ranks 121 Countries Norway tops list, U.S. comes in at 96

    WASHINGTON, May 30 /PRNewswire/ -- The first study to rank countries around the world according to their peacefulness and the drivers that create and sustain their peace was launched today. The Global Peace Index
studied 121 countries from Algeria to Zimbabwe and its publication comes one week before the leaders of the world's richest countries gather for the G8 summit in Germany to discuss issues of global concern.
    The rankings show that even among the G8 countries there are significant differences in peacefulness: While Japan was the most peaceful of the G8 countries, at a rank of five in the Index, Russia neared the bottom at number 118. The Global Peace Index also reveals that countries which had a turbulent time for parts of the twentieth century, such as Ireland and Germany, have emerged as peace leaders in the 21st century.
    The Economist Intelligence Unit measured countries' peacefulness based on wide range of indicators - 24 in all - including ease of access to "weapons of minor destruction" (guns, small explosives), military expenditure, local corruption, and the level of respect for human rights. 
  After compiling the Index, the researchers examined it for patterns in order to identify the "drivers" that make for peaceful societies. They found that peaceful countries often shared high levels of democracy and transparency of government, education and material well-being. While the U.S. possesses many of these characteristics, its ranking was brought down by its engagement in warfare and external conflict, as well as high levels of incarceration and homicide. The U.S.'s rank also suffered due to the large share of military expenditure from its GDP, attributed to its status as one of the world's military-diplomatic powers.
 

    The main findings of the Global Peace Index are:

    -- Peace is correlated to indicators such as income, schooling and the level of regional integration
    -- Peaceful countries often shared high levels of transparency of government and low corruption
    -- Small, stable countries which are part of regional blocs are most likely to get a higher ranking

    The Index is the brainchild of Australian IT entrepreneur and philanthropist Steve Killelea.

    "The objective of the Global Peace Index was to go beyond a crude measure of wars by systematically exploring the texture of peace," explained Global Peace Index President, Mr. Clyde McConaghy, speaking in Washington. "The Index provides a quantitative measure of peacefulness that is comparable over time, and we hope it will inspire and influence world leaders and governments to further action."
    The Index has already won the support of an influential and distinguished group of supporters, many of whom are dedicated to promoting global peace, including former U.S. President James Carter, the Dalai Lama, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Sir Richard Branson and Harriet Fulbright of the Fulbright Centre.
    "This Index stands to broaden our very definition of what peace is, as well as how to achieve it," said Fulbright. "Peace isn't just the absence of war; it's the absence of violence."
    "Countries need to become more peaceful to solve the major challenges that the world faces - from climate change to overpopulation and sustainability," said Mr. McConaghy.
    "We hope that the findings of the Global Peace Index will act as a catalyst for increased funding to study peace and for governments and industry to take policy action," he added.

    NOTES TO EDITORS
    -- The Global Peace Index covers 121 countries.
    -- The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), the country intelligence division of The Economist Group that publishes The Economist newspaper, has compiled the Index.
    -- The EIU used all its country analysts in gathering and scoring the data, in collaboration with its contributor network of 650 people.
    -- The Index is made up of nearly 3,000 data points with another 4,000 relating to the drivers of peace (6897 in total).
    -- The Global Peace Index has been peer reviewed by an international panel of the world's leading peace experts.
    -- Steve Killelea is an Australian IT entrepreneur and philanthropist. He is the Chairman and Founder of Integrated Research Ltd. He founded his charity, The Charitable Foundation (TCF), in 2000.
    -- TCF specializes in working with the poorest communities in the world and is currently active in ten countries including Rwanda, Uganda, Laos, Burma and East Timor.

----------------------------
    121 GPI rankings

    Countries most at peace ranked first
 

    Rank      Country           Score
    1          Norway           1.357
    2     New Zealand           1.363
    3         Denmark           1.377
    4         Ireland           1.396
    5           Japan           1.413
    6         Finland           1.447
    7          Sweden           1.478
    8          Canada           1.481
    9        Portugal           1.481
    10        Austria           1.483
    11        Belgium           1.498
    12        Germany           1.523
    13 Czech Republic           1.524
    14    Switzerland           1.526
    15       Slovenia           1.539
    16          Chile           1.568
    17       Slovakia           1.571
    18        Hungary           1.575
    19         Bhutan           1.611
    20    Netherlands           1.620
    21          Spain           1.633
    22           Oman           1.641
    23      Hong Kong           1.657
    24        Uruguay           1.661
    25      Australia           1.664
    26        Romania           1.682
    27         Poland           1.683
    28        Estonia           1.684
    29      Singapore           1.692
    30          Qatar           1.702
    31     Costa Rica           1.702
    32    South Korea           1.719
    33          Italy           1.724
    34         France           1.729
    35        Vietnam           1.729
    36         Taiwan           1.731
    37       Malaysia           1.744
    38    United Arab
             Emirates           1.747
    39        Tunisia           1.762
    40          Ghana           1.765
    41     Madagascar           1.766
    42       Botswana           1.786
    43      Lithuania           1.788
    44         Greece           1.791
    45         Panama           1.798
    46         Kuwait           1.818
    47         Latvia           1.848
    48        Morocco           1.893
    49 United Kingdom           1.898
    50     Mozambique           1.909
    51         Cyprus           1.915
    52      Argentina           1.923
    53         Zambia           1.930
    54       Bulgaria           1.936
    55       Paraguay           1.946
    56          Gabon           1.952
    57       Tanzania           1.966
    58          Libya           1.967
    59           Cuba           1.968
    60          China           1.980
    61     Kazakhstan           1.995
    62        Bahrain           1.995
    63         Jordan           1.997
    64        Namibia           2.003
    65        Senegal           2.017
    66      Nicaragua           2.020
    67        Croatia           2.030
    68         Malawi           2.038
    69        Bolivia           2.052
    70           Peru           2.056
    71     Equatorial
               Guinea           2.059
    72        Moldova           2.059
    73          Egypt           2.068
    74      Dominican
             Republic           2.071
    75     Bosnia and
          Herzegovina           2.089
    76       Cameroon           2.093
    77          Syria           2.106
    78      Indonesia           2.111
    79         Mexico           2.125
    80        Ukraine           2.150
    81        Jamaica           2.164
    82      Macedonia           2.170
    83         Brazil           2.173
    84         Serbia           2.181
    85       Cambodia           2.197
    86     Bangladesh           2.219
    87        Ecuador           2.219
    88      Papua New
               Guinea           2.223
    89    El Salvador           2.244
    90   Saudi Arabia           2.246
    91          Kenya           2.258
    92         Turkey           2.272
    93      Guatemala           2.285
    94   Trinidad and
               Tobago           2.286
    95          Yemen           2.309
    96  United States
           of America           2.317
    97           Iran           2.320
    98       Honduras           2.390
    99   South Africa           2.399
    100   Philippines           2.428
    101    Azerbaijan           2.448
    102     Venezuela          2.453
    103      Ethiopia           2.479
    104        Uganda           2.489
    105      Thailand           2.491
    106      Zimbabwe           2.495
    107       Algeria           2.503
    108       Myanmar           2.524
    109         India           2.530
    110    Uzbekistan           2.542
    111     Sri Lanka           2.575
    112        Angola           2.587
    113 Cote d'Ivoire           2.638
    114       Lebanon           2.662
    115      Pakistan           2.697
    116      Colombia           2.770
    117       Nigeria           2.898
    118        Russia           2.903
    119        Israel           3.033
    120         Sudan           3.182
    121          Iraq           3.437


 

LE GUIDE ANNUAIRE DES ECOLES DIFFERENTES
| LE GUIDE-ANNUAIRE | Présentation | SOMMAIRE |
| Le nouveau sirop-typhon : déplacements de populations ? chèque-éducation ? ou non-scolarisation ? |
| Pluralisme scolaire et "éducation alternative" | Jaune devant, marron derrière : du PQ pour le Q.I. |
| Le lycée "expérimental" de Saint-Nazaire | Le collège-lycée "expérimental" de Caen-Hérouville|
| L'heure de la... It's time for ... Re-creation | Freinet dans (?) le système "éducatif" (?) |
| Changer l'école | Des écoles différentes ? Oui, mais ... pas trop !| L'école Vitruve |
| Colloque Freinet à ... Londres | Des écoles publiques "expérimentales" |
| 68 - 98 : les 30 P-l-eureuses | Et l'horreur éducative ? |