UNICEF :
Une évaluation, la plus complète à ce jour,
de la vie et du bien-être des
enfants et des adolescents dans les pays économiquement avancés.
Selon l'UNICEF les élèves
britanniques seraient les plus malheureux du monde occidental
en raison du nombre important de tests
auxquels ils sont soumis.
"L’obsession
des trois T"
(Testing, Targets et league Tables,
soit "les contrôles, les objectifs et les classements").
Les
enfants français loin d'être les plus heureux
An index of pacifism
Give peace a rating You can measure it, but can you understand it? WHETHER as an entrepreneur or as a philanthropist, Steve Killelea thinks the simplest maxims work best. And in business, a few basic ideas have served him well: from a headquarters in Sydney he has created a firm, Integrated Research, that supplies systems management for credit cards, stock exchanges and cash dispensers across the world. And as one of Australia's biggest (and most discreet) donors of aid to poor countries, he also likes to keep things simple: his mission is to help the “poorest of the poor” in practical ways. But uncomplicated maxims are not necessarily uncontroversial. Having overlaid the Irish Catholicism of his childhood with a dose of Tibetan Buddhism, he warms to the pacifist strain in the Asian creed. One of his favourite Buddhist sayings is that “your enemy is your best teacher”. More contentiously, the bottom-line-minded businessman and the pacifist in Mr Killelea come together in a conviction that peacefulness, like anything important, can and must be calibrated. “What you can't measure, you can't understand,” he says. That, roughly, is the chain of thought which prompted him to order up a new way of assessing countries' general condition: along with GDP, trade balance and so on, it will now be possible to check out a country's ranking by “peacefulness”. The methodology for the “global peace index” was devised by the Economist Intelligence Unit, our sister company. The index takes note of internal factors—crime rates, prison population, trust between citizens—and external ones, like relations with neighbours, arms sales, foreign troop deployments. Norway's top place reflects its calm domestic atmosphere and good relations with nearby states. In the case of Israel (119th), high military spending, a huge army and unresolved local conflicts are deemed to outweigh its low level of ordinary crime. Canada comes eighth; its American neighbour a dismal 96th, strangely just above Iran. The index will run into some flak. A country that applied the simple Roman maxim—“if you want peace, prepare for war”—would score badly. By unconditionally endorsing low military budgets and marking down high ones, the index may seem to give heart to freeloaders: countries that enjoy peace precisely because others (often America) care for their defence. Indeed, one of the ideas behind NATO and several other security pacts is that America's protection limits the need for medium-sized powers to be big military players in their own right. Still, perhaps the main thing about the index is not where countries are now, but how they change over time: if a country is getting more peaceful, presumably that is good—and if it is becoming less so, that could be a warning. Which way a nation is going may matter more than its ranking. But remember, some Buddhists say change is an illusion, no less than fixity: “By stating that there is neither motion nor rest, we follow the path of the middle.” |
La
Norvège,
nation la plus pacifique selon un classement de "The Economist" Le Monde - 31 05 07
Le magazine The Economist a publié, mercredi 30 mai, le premier
classement des pays selon leur degré de pacifisme. Sur 121 pays
pris en compte par le "Global Peace Index", indice mondial de la
paix, la Norvège se classe première. Sans surprise, l'Irak
est bon dernier.
Pour réaliser ce classement, l'hebdomadaire britannique a consulté
650 experts, qui ont analysé ces 121 pays sur la base d'une vingtaine
de critères, comme le fait d'avoir été, ou non, en
guerre ces cinq dernières années, la politique du pays en
matière de vente d'armes, ses dépenses militaires, son taux
de criminalité, le niveau d'instruction de sa population ou la transparence
de son gouvernement.
L'EUROPE DE L'OUEST EST LA RÉGION LA PLUS PACIFIQUE Derrière la Norvège, la Nouvelle-Zélande, le Danemark, l'Irlande et le Japon occupent la tête du classement. L'Europe de l'Ouest apparaît comme la région du monde la plus pacifique malgré les places médiocres occupées par la France (34e) et la Grande-Bretagne (49e), en raison notamment de l'importance de leur industrie d'armement et du nombre d'armes qu'elles vendent à l'étranger. Les Etats-Unis sont 96e, juste devant l'Iran. Le Nigeria, la Russie, Israël et le Soudan ferment le classement avec l'Irak. Faute de données disponibles, l'Afghanistan et la Corée
du Nord n'ont pas été évalués.
First Global Peace Index Ranks 121 Countries Norway tops list, U.S. comes in at 96 WASHINGTON, May 30 /PRNewswire/ -- The first study
to rank countries around the world according to their peacefulness and
the drivers that create and sustain their peace was launched today. The
Global Peace Index
The main findings of the Global Peace Index are: -- Peace is correlated to indicators such as income,
schooling and the level of regional integration
The Index is the brainchild of Australian IT entrepreneur and philanthropist Steve Killelea. "The objective of the Global Peace Index was to go
beyond a crude measure of wars by systematically exploring the texture
of peace," explained Global Peace Index President, Mr. Clyde McConaghy,
speaking in Washington. "The Index provides a quantitative measure of peacefulness
that is comparable over time, and we hope it will inspire and influence
world leaders and governments to further action."
NOTES TO EDITORS
----------------------------
Countries most at peace ranked first
Rank Country
Score
|
| LE
GUIDE-ANNUAIRE |
Présentation
| SOMMAIRE
|
| Le
nouveau sirop-typhon : déplacements de populations ? chèque-éducation
? ou non-scolarisation ? |
| Pluralisme
scolaire et "éducation alternative" | Jaune
devant, marron derrière : du PQ pour le Q.I. |
| Le
lycée "expérimental" de Saint-Nazaire |
Le
collège-lycée "expérimental" de Caen-Hérouville|
| L'heure
de la... It's time for ... Re-creation | Freinet
dans (?) le système "éducatif" (?) |
| Changer
l'école | Des
écoles différentes ? Oui, mais ... pas trop !|
L'école
Vitruve |
| Colloque
Freinet à ... Londres | Des
écoles publiques "expérimentales" |
| 68
- 98 : les 30 P-l-eureuses | Et
l'horreur éducative ? |